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Summary: Building dictionary to explain building jargon and terminology from A - Z.
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Building dictionary for the letter S - Page 25
Sound reduction factor
The effectiveness, measured in decibels, that a building assembly exhibits at lessening the intensity of sound.
Sound transmission
The reading of a sound level meter, expressed in decibels.
Sound transmission class (STC)
A single number indicating the sound insulation value of a partition, floor-ceiling assembly, door, or window, as derived from a curve of insulation value as a function of frequency. The higher the number is, the greater the insulation value.
Sound transmission loss
The reduction in sound when it passes through a partition, wall or ceiling.
Sound-rated door
A door constructed to provide greater sound attenuation than that provided by a normal door; usually carrying a rating in terms of its sound transmission class (STC).
Soundness
The freedom of a solid from cracks, flaws, fissures, or variations from an accepted standard. In the case of a cement, soundness is freedom from excessive volume change after setting. In the case of aggregate, soundness is the ability to withstand the aggressive action to which concrete containing it might be exposed, particularly that action due to weather.
Soundproofing
(1) The design and construction of a building or unit to reduce sound transmission. (2) The materials and assemblies used in a building or unit to reduce sound transmission.
Spa bath
A bath with air or water jets, sometimes called a Jacuzzi(r) or whirlpool.
Space frame
Any three-dimensional structural frame capable of transmitting loads in the three dimensions to supports. A space frame is usually an interconnected system of trusses or rigid frames.
Space heater
A small heating unit, usually equipped with a fan, intended to supply heat to a room or portion of a room. The source of heat energy may be electricity or a fluid fuel.
Spacer
(1) A device that maintains reinforcement in proper position, or keeps wall forms a given distance apart before and during concreting. (2) A small block of timber or other material placed during installation on the edges of a pane of glass to centre it in the channel and maintain uniform width of sealant beads to prevent excessive sealant distortion. See also spreader.
Spackle
A paste, or a dry mixture blended with water to form a paste; used to fill holes and cracks in plaster, wallboard, or timber.
Spade
A sturdy digging tool having a thick handle and a flat blade that can be pressed into the ground with a foot.
Spading
Consolidating mortar or concrete by repeatedly inserting and withdrawing a flat, spade-like tool.
Spall
A fragment usually in the shape of a flake, detached from a larger mass by a blow through the action of weather, by pressure, or by expansion within the larger mass. A small spall involves a roughly circular depression not greater than 20 mm in depth nor 150 mm in any dimension; a large spall may be roughly circular or oval or, in some cases, elongated.
Spalling
The development of spalls.
Span
The horizontal distance between supports in a structure.
Span length
See effective span
Spandrel
That part of a wall between the head of a window and the sill of the window above it.
Spandrel beam
A beam in the perimeter of a building spanning columns, and usually supporting floor or roof loads.
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